Features of modern winter wheat varieties in terms of winter hardiness components under conditions of Ukrainian Forest-Steppe

In recent years, there has been a significant change in climatic conditions affecting the cultivation and yield of winter wheat. Therefore, creation wheat varieties with high adaptive potential is one main tasks modern breeding. A component overall hardiness, which determined by set characters enabling plants to overwinter. To large extent, hardiness gene systems that control vernalization requirement duration, photoperiod reaction, frost resistance. The research aimed at determining features developed V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute Wheat National Academy Agrarian Sciences Ukraine terms components environment Central part Ukrainian Forest-Steppe. Winter bread Estafeta myronivska, Hratsiia MIP Assol, Balada myronivska were studied. They also crossed on incomplete diallele scheme three near-isogenic lines derived from Erythrospermum 604 different alleles Vrd genes 1) Vrd1Vrd1vrd2vrd2, 2) vrd1vrd1Vrd2Vrd2, 3) vrd1vrd1vrd2vrd2. It was established duration short whereas Assol it medium. All studied have medium sensitivity. results hybridological analysis indicate absence Vrd1 Vrd2 varieties. Frost tolerance these same level higher than highly tolerant low temperatures variety Myronivska 808. Thus, possibility recombining levels expression traits genotypes breeding efforts. This great practical importance farming, because years areas crops harvested late (corn, sunflower, etc.) production significantly increased. causes shift sowing dates later period. this case, are able undergo sufficient hardening, satisfy requirement, form hardiness. Their relatively sensitivity allows vegetation be restored little earlier spring reserves moisture used more effectively.